Dynamics of the Formation of Bright Solitary Waves of Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

We present a detailed description of the formation of bright solitary waves in optical lattices. To this end, we have considered a ring lattice geometry with large radius. In this case, the ring shape does not have a relevant effect in the local dynamics of the condensate, while offering a realistic set up to implement experiments with conditions usually not available with linear lattices (in particular, to study collisions). Our numerical results suggest that the condensate radiation is the relevant dissipative process in the relaxation towards a self-trapped solution. We show that the source of dissipation can be attributed to the presence of higher order dispersion terms in the effective mass approach. In addition, we demonstrate that the stability of the solitary solutions is linked with particular values of the width of the wavepacket in the reciprocal space. Our study suggests that these critical widths for stability depend on the geometry of the energy band, but are independent of the condensate parameters (momentum, atom number, etc.). Finally, the non-solitonic nature of the solitary waves is evidenced showing their instability under collisions.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, to appear in PR

Nuevos polímeros acrílicos sensibles a estímulos derivados de la morfolina y pirrolidina

Este artículo describe la preparación de nuevos polímeros acrílicos sensibles a estímulos (pH ) derivados de la morfolina y pirrolidina usando agua como disolvente. Tres nuevos monómeros metacrílicos N-etil morfolina metacrilato (EMM), N-etil morfolina metacrilamida (EMA) y N-etil pirrolidina metacrilamida (EPA) han sido sintetizados mediante reacciones sencillas. Los correspondientes monómeros EMM, EMA y EPA fueron homopolimerizados en disoluciones de agua/isopropanol usando persulfato de amonio como iniciador radical. Todos los sistemas preparados, monómeros y homopolímeros fueron caracterizados por las técnicas espectroscópicas de RMN 1H y 13C, FTIR y por Calorimetría Diferencial de Barrido( DSC).This article describes the preparation of new acrylic stimuli sensitive (pH ) polymers derived from morpholine and pyrrolidine using water as a solvent. Three new methacrylic monomers, N-ethyl morpholine methacrylate (EMM), N-ethyl morpholine methacrylamide (EMA) and N-ethyl pyrrolidine methacrylamide (EPA) have been synthesized. The corresponding monomers EMM,EMA and EPA were homopolymerized at 50 ºC in solutions of water/isopropanol using ammonium persulphate as radical initiator. All the prepared systems, monomers and homopolymers, were characterized by NMR 1H and 13 C, FTIR and DSC spectroscopic techniques

Exploración clínica en estomatología veterinaria

La exploración clínica se basa en un conjunto de normas y maniobras encaminadas al estudio de síntomas para la determinación diagnóstica de patologías, y al establecimiento de un tratamiento adecuado y específico. Explicamos la exploración sistemática que debe ponerse en práctica en el campo de la Estomatología Veterinaria, pudiendo así determinar las afecciones de los tejidos blandos y duros.For the diagnostic of different oral pathologies we use several techniques. We will establish a specific treatment for each one. We describe a sistemic exploration that is used in veterinary dentistry and afecting both, soft and hard tissues

El VODCASTING EN ESPAÑA. ‘CONFINADOS’ DE EUROSPORT, EL CAMINO INVERSO

With the advent of the Internet and multiscreen, audio and video content producers have had to generate new formats to be heard and seen in a timeless way, in order to respond to new consumer demands. This is the context in which audio podcasting (podcasting) and video podcasting (vodcasting) appear, which have gained popularity in recent times. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 was a turning point for these new audiovisual formats, when some channels opted to include them in part of their programming. This is the case of Eurosport’s ‘Confinados’ vodcast, which we analyse in this research. The main objective of this article is to analyse this vodcast, to know how it is structured and to examine the contents developed. The methodology used is the content analysis of its different episodes, broadcast during the first state of alarm in Spain, from March 2020. We highlight the peculiar case of ‘Confinados’, which has taken the reverse path to the podcasts that appeared as radio or television on Demand, since it emerged as a vodcast that later became a television programme. We highlight the step taken by Eurosport towards a new way of reporting, in the midst of a pandemic, to adapt to the needs of the audience, as well as the contribution to specialisation in sports journalism, with experts and journalists in this field, specificity and brevity in their topics and a wide range of audiovisual journalistic genres.With the advent of the Internet and multiscreen, audio and video content producers have had to generate new formats to be heard and seen in a timeless way, in order to respond to new consumer demands. This is the context in which audio podcasting (podcasting) and video podcasting (vodcasting) appear, which have gained popularity in recent times. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 was a turning point for these new audiovisual formats, when some channels opted to include them in part of their programming. This is the case of Eurosport’s ‘Confinados’ vodcast, which we analyse in this research. The main objective of this article is to analyse this vodcast, to know how it is structured and to examine the contents developed. The methodology used is the content analysis of its different episodes, broadcast during the first state of alarm in Spain, from March 2020. We highlight the peculiar case of ‘Confinados’, which has taken the reverse path to the podcasts that appeared as radio or television on Demand, since it emerged as a vodcast that later became a television programme. We highlight the step taken by Eurosport towards a new way of reporting, in the midst of a pandemic, to adapt to the needs of the audience, as well as the contribution to specialisation in sports journalism, with experts and journalists in this field, specificity and brevity in their topics and a wide range of audiovisual journalistic genres.Con la llegada de Internet y la multipantalla, los productores de contenido de audio y de vídeo han tenido que generar nuevos formatos para ser escuchados y vistos de forma atemporal, y así dar respuesta a las nuevas demandas de los consumidores. En este contexto aparecen el podcasting de audio (podcasting) y vídeo (vodcasting), que han ganado popularidad en los últimos tiempos. La pandemia provocada por la COVID-19 supuso un punto de inflexión para estos nuevos formatos audiovisuales, cuando algunas cadenas optaron por incluirlos en una parte de su programación. Tal es el caso del vódcast ‘Confinados’ de Eurosport, que contemplamos en esta investigación. El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar este vódcast, conocer cómo es su estructura y examinar los contenidos desarrollados. La metodología usada es el análisis de contenido de sus distintos episodios, emitidos durante el primer estado de alarma en España, a partir de marzo de 2020. Resaltamos el peculiar caso de ‘Confinados’, que ha realizado el camino inverso a los pódcast que aparecieron como radio o televisión a la carta, puesto que surgió como un vódcast y se convirtió en un programa de televisión. Destacamos el paso realizado por Eurosport hacia una nueva forma de informar, en plena pandemia, para adaptarse a las necesidades de los receptores, así como la contribución a la especialización en periodismo deportivo, al contar con expertos y periodistas de este campo, con especificidad y brevedad en sus temas y amplitud de géneros periodísticos audiovisuales

Innovative approach for producing injectable, biodegradable materials using chitooligosaccharides and green chemistry

Although there are a number of injectable biomaterials currently under development, they present some drawbacks such as being based on synthetic polymers, needing toxic or aggressive synthesis procedures or using raw materials with low availability and/or high production costs. Having this in mind, a novel injectable biomaterial using chitooligosaccharides as starting materials was developed. This system uses a widely available and cheap polymer from marine biomass (chitosan), which can be turned into an injectable material by water-based and ecologically friendly reactions. Chitooligosaccharides were functionalized with methacrylic groups, to allow in situ crosslinking. The degree of substitution, as determined by 1H NMR, varied between 5 and 50%. The system was characterized in terms of kinetics of gel formation, rheology, degradation behavior and in vitro cytotoxicity. The gelation time could be easily tailored between 1.5 and 60 min by changing the conditions of the methacrylation reaction, and the final gel presented rheological properties typical of strong gels, that is, shear stresses in the kPa range. The cross-linked gel was degradable and nontoxic, presenting indeed an interesting cytokinetic effect. Injectable materials based on chitooligosaccharides are, therefore, an innovative system combining adequate biological performance, ease of preparation, and an ecologically friendly concept of production.The authors thank Dr. Mar Fernandez for the cytotoxicity tests. L.F.B. thanks the European Commission for supporting this work through a Marie Curie-IIF fellowship

Injectable hydrogels based on chitosan

Oligo-D-glucosamine (‘‘oligomer’’ of chitosan) seems well suited for injectable, biodegradable systems (IBS), due to their solubility in water, easier funtionalization and the possibility of working at high concentrations. Chitosan was enzymatically degraded with a commercial enzyme (Multifect Pectinase FE) at 508C and pH 5.5 during 17h, adapting a previous procedure. The oligomers were precipitated in ethanol and analysed by MALDI-TOF/MS and FTIR. They were then functionalized by reaction with methacrylic anhydride (MethA), varying ratio of amount of substance of MethA : amount of substance of -NH2 groups in the oligomer. The obtained methacrylamide- oligomers were polymerized with a potassium persulfate/ vitamin C initiation system. Both the modified oligomers and the polymerized product were analysed by FTIR and NMR. [...]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Preparación de mallas mediante electrohilado para la inhibición de la angiogénesis

La preparación de nanofibras por electrohilado está ganando mucho interés en la actualidad debido a su posible aplicación como sistemas de liberación controlada de fármaco. La incorporación del compuesto activo en la matriz polimérica de las fibras permite su protección frente a los procesos degradativos del organismo y su liberación controlada y localizada. Numerosas enfermedades (psoriasis, retinopatías diabéticas, crecimiento de tumores) están relacionadas con alteraciones en la angiogénesis (formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos a partir de otros ya formados), por tanto el desarrollo de nuevos compuestos que regulen adecuadamente los procesos angiogénicos se está estudiando como una posible vía en el tratamiento de estas enfermedades. En el presente trabajo se han preparado y caracterizado nanofibras de ácido poli(D,L-láctico) cargadas con ácido 5-amino-2-naftalensulfónico o el homopolímero del ácido 2-acrilamido-2-metilpropanosulfónico, compuestos inhibidores de la acción de algunos factores de crecimiento proangiogénicos dependientes de heparina. La distinta naturaleza de los compuestos activos utilizados permitieron la obtención de diferentes perfiles de liberación, dependientes de la hidrofilia del compuesto activo, su peso molecular y la biodegradabilidad del ácido poli(D,L-láctico). Ambos sistemas mostraron una alta capacidad para inhibir la mitogénesis de fibroblastos inducida por aFGF.Preparation of nanofibers by electrospinning is gaining much attention due to their potential application as drug delivery systems. The incorporation of the active compound in the polymeric matrix of the fibers prevents degradation and allows a controlled and localized delivery of the drug. Many diseases (psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy, tumor growth) have been related to alterations in the angiogenic processes, therefore the control of angiogenesis is being investigated as a possible treatment for these diseases. In this work poly(D, L-lactic acid) nanofibers loaded with sulfonated active compounds that inhibit heparin-dependent proangiogenic growth factors (5-amino acid-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) have been prepared and characterized. The different nature of the active compounds gave rise different release profiles that depended on the hydrophilic nature of the drug, molecular weight, and the biodegradation of poly (D, L-lactic acid). Both systems showed a high inhibition of fibroblasts aFGF- induced mitogenesis.Peer Reviewe

Contraindicaciones y complicaciones más frecuentes en las técnicas endodónticas

En el trabajo se exponen las diferentes circunstancias en las que la aplicación de las técnicas endodónticas están contraindicadas. Causas de orden general y de orden local que no aconsejan la realización de la terapia, así como casos dudosos en los que se deben poner en práctica técnicas alternativas o tratamientos que nos posibiliten el posterior desarrollo de la endodoncia.The contraindications of endodontic techniques are exposed in this work. Tbey bave a general or local origen. In the doubt cases an alternative treatment bave to be develop before the endodontic technique has been made